Orchard-heater.



E. W. DUNN.

ORCHARD HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27,' IBM.

1,165,326. Patented Dec 21, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 'ITNESSES: lNVEN'lQR E. W. DUNN.

ORCHARD HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27.194- 1,165,326. Patented Dec. 21, 1915.

2 SHEtTSSHEEY 2.

ED snares PATENT omen EMANUEL W. DUNN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

T azz whom it mayfconcern:

' Be itknown that I, EMANbnL W. DUNN, a citizen of the United States,residing. in the city and county of San Francisco and State ofCalifornia, have invented new and useful Improvements inOrchard-Heaters, of whichthe following is a specification.

This'invention relates to orchard heaters. The object of this inventionis'to provide a simple, practical combustion and smoke consuming stackfor orchard heaters and I stack 5 which .40

by. which air is efficiently mixed with the rising vapors or gas toproduce-perfect com bustion and in and at such a position on the heaterthat the maximum heating efi'ect is obtained and distributed over-alarge area; to provide an improved. stack readily adaptable to any typeof heater; and to providean orchard heater, the fuel of which be readilyand safely ignited.

The invention consists of the'parts and the construction and combinationof .parts as hereinafter more fully described and, claimed, havingreference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sideelevation, partly broken away and part in section, of the'heater withits cover in place. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the heater. partlybroken away. .Fig. 3 is a. detail of the stack lock. Fig. 4: is a sideelevation of a fragment of the stack showing an air inlet duct. Fig, 5is a section on line 55, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 shows an adapter whereby thestack is secured to another type of receptacle. v

2 is a suitable receptacle for holding liquid or other fuel, closed by asuitable cover 3,

with a vapor or gas outlet 4, and having a projects upwardly from thecover.

Any suitable means may be utilized to provide. for the admission of,airinto the receptacle below the cover, one form of which is disclosed as.a perforated tube 6 projecting down through and sup'portedon the cover.The'upperopen end of (the tube 6 is covered by a cap 7; having a shutter8 movable to cover and uncover the apertures in cap 6 to control thedown draftof air. Further control" of fresh air inlet is had byianauxiliary regulator 9 coveringa radial passageway 10' leading to thevapor outlet 4.

For convenient, ready and safe lighting of oil in the receptacle, a wick11, ofsuitable material such as asbestos, may be hung in the draft tube6 with its little may ORCHARD-HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented D 21 1915 'Applieation filedJuly 27, 1914. Serial No. 853,331.

upper end at an opening-of the cap 7. To ignite the fuel a gasolene orother oil may be poured on thewlck and a fiame applied. The heatcollecting in the receptacle will vap'orie the fuel and the hot gaseousfumes will rise and enter the stack 5. The rate of generation iscontrolled by the shutter 8 and the regu-- lator 9.

An important feature of this invention is the means by which theadmission of air into the stack is had and controlled for the perfeetcombustion of the generated vapors or gases and elimination ofundesirable smoke and soot residue, and by which the maximum heatingefficiency of the combustion is obtained... To thisend the stack 5,which is here shown of telescopic sections 5, 5" and 5, though it may beof a single piece of suitable proportions, is provided at a suitableportion with'air ducts 12, in this instance formed by punching the metalof the stack and bending in (Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5) the tongues 14, thusat once forming an aperture 12, Figs. 4 and 5, to let air in andforminga means (tongue 14) to direct the stream of a1r upwardly. 'This. is ofdual advantagef first, the tongues prevent the direct trans verse flowvof air from one side of the stack to and out at the other, taking withit valuable vapor or gas; and, second, the movin jets or streams 'of airdeflected upwardly by the ductwall act inductively upon the fumestherebelow in the stack and so accelerate tial duets 12, which arestaggered, are air inlet holes 16, over which is movable a perforatedband or damper 16' to control the loo in-draft. The function of theapertures 16 is to allow a cross draft of air in the stack above. thejet devices 12, this cross draft acting as a fluid check or stop tointercept ment of fumes is had with a speed accelerated over that whichwould obtain without fresh air in such regulated quantities as to therising gaseous fumes from the receptacle 2. Thus by the induction meansor nozzlelike deflecting tongues 14 anupward movethe devices 12 and inaddition to this the inlet holes 15 provide for a cross draft .of

produce a perfect mixture in the stack.

This mixture is then effectually and completely burned in and throughthe stack to the top and the heatdue to combustion internally of thestack is rapidly andextensively radiated by the latter in a ,mannergreatly superior to heaters in which the greatest part of the combustionoccurs above the stack and where the heat generated rises verticallywith little or no beneficial radiation. In other words, the. presentheater -operates by internalperfect combustion to radiate over a largeadjacenta'rea a greater amount .of heat than heaters without this'structure.' It is understood that the jet forming ducts may be of anysuitable kind.

While the nozzle tongues-14 are shown as with rounded ends and asconcaved, it is understood that their form may be varied,

as desired.

For controlling the escape of the gases from the receptacle. intothestack a throttle plate or spreader disk 17 is suitably arranged adjacentto the vent ,4,- whereby the "gases are made to travel through a ringopening around the plate and to be forced outadjacent to the stack wallto insure proper mixing with the incoming air through sunier is readilyadaptablefto many typesof orchard heaters manufactured and in use.

Having thus described my invention, what .I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent is.

l. The combination with an orchard heater vessel adapted for,thegeneration of "apor from oil'therein, of a stackdisposed upon the heatervessel to receive the'vapor, means onthe stack whereby air is directedinwardly'and upwardly to mix with the rising vapor in the-stack, thelatter having apertures for admitting air in a draft across the risingmixture, and means intermediate the stack length for regulating both theupdraft of air and the cross draft of air.

10,12 and 16, and also to throw' the heat outward and increase thetemperature of the radiating surface. ,The stack 5 may be detachablylockedto the cover by any suit.- able means, as a pin and slot device18, shown in detail in Fig; 3, and tofit the stack to' a different typeof heater receptacle an adapteror collar 19 is shown in Fig. 6.

- When. a sectional stack, as shown, isutilized, it may be' telescopedfor compactness and-covered with a tubular cowl 20 with a flaring cape21, whereby the entire upper surface of the heater is inclosed-to keepout moisture and dirt when the heater-is unused.

For a'temporary cover a cap 22 is provided i to fitthe top of the stack.When the stack is tobeextended for use, the sections arefirmly seated attheir joints readily by passing a piece of wire or iron 23 through theoutside top section 5 and pulling them up The sta'ck, whether sectionalor unitary, may be readily and efficiently utilized upon any typeofheater providing for the generation of a combustible vapor or gas fromthe fuel and which is directed into the stack.

Thus I provide a stack withmeans for admitting a quantity of air whichisdivided into a pluralityof small, upwardly directed streams or jetsreadily mixing with the more or'less compact, upwardly moving column ofvaporin the stack and generated from the fuel. These streams of airquickly mix with the vapor and produce a perfectly combustible mixture,thereby consuming all carbon and producing a smokeless fire. It isunderstood that this stack and smoke con- 2. A stack, for orchardheaters having a receptacle adapted for the generation of 'vapor fromoil therein, with adjustable, cirto the cover, said stack being providedwith openings for the admission of air to mix with the rising vapor.

4. The combination in an orchard heater, of an oil receptacle for thegeneration of 'vapor from the oil, a collapsible combustion stack,having sections co'ciperating, when the stack is extended, to form tightself-sustain- .ing joints, and means detachably securing the lowersection to the receptacle, said stack having means for directing air'inwardly and upwardly to mix with the vapors.

.5. The combination in an orchard heater,

of an oil receptaclefor the generation of vapor from the oil, acollapsible combustion stack,havmg sections co6perating, when the stackis.,extended,,to form tightself-sustain;

ing joints, means detachably. securing the.

lowerlsection -to the receptacle, said stack having means for directingair inwardly and upwardly to mix with the vapors, and havingperforations for providing a cross draft above the zone of mixture inthe stack;

6. The comblnationin an orchard heater, of an 011 receptaclefor thegeneration of vapor from the oil, a collapsible combustion staclgllavingsections cotiperating, when the stacki's extended, tosform tightself-sustain mg oints, means detachably securing the lower section tothe receptacle, said stack having means for directing air inwardly andupwardly to, mix with the vapors, .and having means for providing across, draft above the zone of mixture in the stack, and for regulatingthe up and cross drafts,

7. The combination in acovered orchard heater, of an oil receptacleadaptable for the generation of vapor from the oil, a combustion stackhaving sections collapsible to rest upon the cover, and a cowl having acap to cover the receptacle and a tubular body to cover the collapsedstack and also covering the receptacle top.

8. An orchard heater comprising a covered receptacle having an aperturein the cover for the inlet of air to support combustion of oil withinthe receptacle, an obliquely arranged tube within the receptacle incommunication with said aperture, a wick extending through said tubewith one end adjacent to the aperture and adapted to be ignitedthroughout its full length, and a combustion stack carried on saidreceptacle.

9. The combination in an orchard heater,

of a covered receptacle for fuel oil, a collapsible stack therefor,comprising a pluupper end, with the smaller end fitting over the vaporoutlet, said stack being made in telescoping sections to collapse oneover the other without removal from the receptacle, and each sectionresting on the cover when collapsed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EMANUEL W. DUNN.

. lV'tnesses:

TV. TV. HEALEY, E. M. EWING.

